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Restrictions on Fast Refresh on Materialized Views with Aggregates
Defining queries for materialized views with joins and aggregates have the following restrictions on fast refresh:

All restrictions from "General Restrictions on Fast Refresh". 
Fast refresh is supported for both ON COMMIT and ON DEMAND materialized views, however the following restrictions apply:

All tables in the materialized view must have materialized view logs, and the materialized view logs must: 
-----> Contain all columns from the table referenced in the materialized view. 
Specify with ROWID and INCLUDING NEW VALUES. 
Specify the SEQUENCE clause if the table is expected to have a mix of inserts/direct-loads, deletes, and updates. 
Only SUM, COUNT, AVG, STDDEV, VARIANCE, MIN and MAX are supported for fast refresh. 
COUNT(*) must be specified. 
For each aggregate AGG(expr), the corresponding COUNT(expr) must be present. 
If VARIANCE(expr) or STDDEV(expr) is specified, COUNT(expr) and SUM(expr) must be specified. Oracle recommends that SUM(expr *expr) be specified. See Table 8-1 for further details. 
The SELECT list must contain all GROUP BY columns. 
If the materialized view has one of the following, then fast refresh is supported only on conventional DML inserts and direct loads. 
Materialized views with MIN or MAX aggregates 
Materialized views which have SUM(expr) but no COUNT(expr) 
Materialized views without COUNT(*) 
Such a materialized view is called an insert-only materialized view.

The COMPATIBILITY parameter must be set to 9.0 if the materialized aggregate view has inline views, outer joins, self joins or grouping sets and FAST REFRESH is specified during creation. Note that all other requirements for fast refresh specified previously must also be satisfied. 
Materialized views with named views or subqueries in the FROM clause can be fast refreshed provided the views can be completely merged. For information on which views will merge, refer to the Oracle9i Database Performance Tuning Guide and Reference. 
If there are no outer joins, you may have arbitrary selections and joins in the WHERE clause. 
Materialized aggregate views with outer joins are fast refreshable after conventional DML and direct loads, provided only the outer table has been modified. Also, unique constraints must exist on the join columns of the inner join table. If there are outer joins, all the joins must be connected by ANDs and must use the equality (=) operator. 
For materialized views with CUBE, ROLLUP, Grouping Sets, or concatenation of them, the following restrictions apply: 
The SELECT list should contain grouping distinguisher that can either be a GROUPING_ID function on all GROUP BY expressions or GROUPING functions one for each GROUP BY expression. For example, if the GROUP BY clause of the materialized view is "GROUP BY CUBE(a, b)", then the SELECT list should contain either "GROUPING_ID(a, b)" or "GROUPING(a) AND GROUPING(b)" for the materialized view to be fast refreshable. 
GROUP BY should not result in any duplicate groupings. For example, "GROUP BY a, ROLLUP(a, b)" is not fast refreshable because it results in duplicate groupings "(a), (a, b), AND (a)".