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Thread: Need help on Performance Tuning

  1. #1
    Join Date
    Oct 2009
    Posts
    4

    Need help on Performance Tuning

    Hi,

    I have a really bad performance on the database as more users got into the system (> 50 users) or after the bulk load or bulk import. I'm not a pure DBA, I'd need help on tuning the server (at least with buffer cache, shared pool size, and pga).
    Below is my AWR Report

    Thanks in Advance

    Buffer Cache: 1,768M Std Block Size: 8K
    Shared Pool Size: 352M Log Buffer: 5,120K

    Load Profile

    Per Second Per Transaction
    Redo size: 1,131.67 3,025.06
    Logical reads: 169.48 453.03
    Block changes: 6.54 17.49
    Physical reads: 0.18 0.49
    Physical writes: 0.39 1.04
    User calls: 9.65 25.79
    Parses: 3.22 8.61
    Hard parses: 0.17 0.45
    Sorts: 1.01 2.71
    Logons: 0.05 0.13
    Executes: 6.09 16.28
    Transactions: 0.37


    % Blocks changed per Read: 3.86 Recursive Call %: 60.19
    Rollback per transaction %: 18.47 Rows per Sort: 40.95

    Instance Efficiency Percentages (Target 100%)

    Buffer Nowait %: 100.00 Redo NoWait %: 100.00
    Buffer Hit %: 100.07 In-memory Sort %: 100.00
    Library Hit %: 97.80 Soft Parse %: 94.82
    Execute to Parse %: 47.09 Latch Hit %: 100.00
    Parse CPU to Parse Elapsd %: 95.10 % Non-Parse CPU: 91.53

    Shared Pool Statistics

    Begin End
    Memory Usage %: 75.62 79.10
    % SQL with executions>1: 95.39 93.05
    % Memory for SQL w/exec>1: 93.56 91.78

    Top 5 Timed Events

    Event Waits Time(s) Percent Total DB Time Wait Class
    class slave wait 122 624 3,490.44 Other
    CPU time 11 64.05
    control file parallel write 1,180 3 19.57 System I/O
    control file sequential read 544 2 13.80 System I/O
    log file parallel write 1,358 2 10.52 System I/O

    SGA Memory Summary
    SGA regions Size in Bytes
    Database Buffers 1,853,882,368
    Fixed Size 792,964
    Redo Buffers 5,242,880
    Variable Size 556,000,892

    init.ora Parameters
    Parameter Name Begin value End value (if different)
    __db_cache_size 1853882368
    __java_pool_size 16777216
    __large_pool_size 58720256
    __shared_pool_size 369098752
    _shared_pool_reserved_pct 6
    background_dump_dest C:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ADMIN\V5
    compatible 10.1.0.2.0
    control_files C:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\V5\V5\CO
    core_dump_dest C:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ADMIN\V5
    db_block_size 8192
    db_cache_size 16777216
    db_domain
    db_file_multiblock_read_count 16
    db_name V5
    db_recovery_file_dest C:\oracle\product\10.1.0\flash_re
    db_recovery_file_dest_size 21474836480
    dispatchers (protocol=TCP)
    fast_start_mttr_target 26
    java_pool_size 16777216
    job_queue_processes 20
    large_pool_size 58720256
    log_buffer 5242880
    open_cursors 2000
    pga_aggregate_target 896147200
    processes 900
    remote_login_passwordfile SHARED
    resource_limit FALSE
    session_cached_cursors 100
    sessions 995
    sga_max_size 2415919104
    sga_target 2306867200
    shared_pool_size 369098752
    shared_servers 25
    sort_area_size 65536
    transactions 900
    undo_management AUTO
    undo_tablespace UNDOTBS1
    user_dump_dest C:\ORACLE\PRODUCT\10.1.0\ADMIN\V5

  2. #2
    Join Date
    Nov 2000
    Location
    Pittsburgh, PA
    Posts
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    Take a look at Jeff Hunter's blog (Marist89), http://marist89.blogspot.com/2005/07/trace-it_04.html. He has a post about doing SQL tracing. Then start doing SQL tracing and see what your database is really doing. Also look at this page, http://www.psoug.org/reference/trace_tkprof.html. I would use this command to turn on tracing though, "ALTER SESSION SET EVENTS '10046 trace name context forever, level 12';"

    Start by clearing out your $ORACLE_ADMIN/udump directory, turn on tracing during the busy part of the day, let it run for an hour, then turn it off and run tkprof on each of the trace files according to Jeff's post. Then look through each of the trace files.

    Finally find the poorest performing SQL, tune, then start the process all over again. Continue until you have fixed the worst performing SQL. This might require adding indexes, changing SQL, changing table layouts and foreign keys or some mix of the above.

  3. #3
    Join Date
    Mar 2007
    Location
    Ft. Lauderdale, FL
    Posts
    3,555
    Please run query below, then post results in between code tags.

    HTML Code:
    set pages 999
    set lines 90
      
    column c1 heading 'Event|Name'             format a30
    column c2 heading 'Total|Waits'            format 999,999,999,999
    column c3 heading 'Seconds|Waiting'        format 999,999,999
    column c4 heading 'Total|Timeouts'         format 999,999,999
    column c5 heading 'Average|Wait|(in secs)' format 99.999
    
    ttitle 'System-wide Wait Analysis|for current wait events'
    
    select
       event                         c1,
       total_waits                   c2,
       time_waited / 100             c3,
       total_timeouts                c4,
       average_wait    /100          c5
    from
       sys.v_$system_event
    where
       event not in (
        'dispatcher timer',
        'lock element cleanup',
        'Null event',
        'parallel query dequeue wait',
        'parallel query idle wait - Slaves',
        'pipe get',
        'PL/SQL lock timer',
        'pmon timer',
        'rdbms ipc message',
        'slave wait',
        'smon timer',
        'SQL*Net break/reset to client',
        'SQL*Net message from client',
        'SQL*Net message to client',
        'SQL*Net more data to client',
        'virtual circuit status',
        'WMON goes to sleep'
       )
    AND
     event not like 'DFS%'
    and
       event not like '%done%'
    and
       event not like '%Idle%'
    AND
     event not like 'KXFX%'
    order by
       c3 desc
    ;
    Pablo (Paul) Berzukov

    Author of Understanding Database Administration available at amazon and other bookstores.

    Disclaimer: Advice is provided to the best of my knowledge but no implicit or explicit warranties are provided. Since the advisor explicitly encourages testing any and all suggestions on a test non-production environment advisor should not held liable or responsible for any actions taken based on the given advice.

  4. #4
    Join Date
    Nov 2000
    Location
    Pittsburgh, PA
    Posts
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    Quote Originally Posted by PAVB View Post
    Please run query below, then post results in between code tags.
    So I ran the query against one of my databases that has had performance issues, and it looks like a statspack report. I was wondering what specific things do you suggest people look at in order to diagnose performance problems? Do the following two stats tell me that I am doing too many full tablescans?

    Code:
    db file scattered read                                   33,168,651      478,165            0      .014
    db file sequential read                                  69,640,302      407,351            0      .006
    Do you spool to a file and grep for the word contention or the word wait? If I see that the longest average wait is less than 4 seconds, what does that really mean? I thought tuning by ratios was for the most part debunked.

  5. #5
    Join Date
    Oct 2009
    Posts
    4
    Hi Pablo,

    Here is the output

    Code:
                                                                         
                                                                         
                                                                         
                                                 
    
    Thu Oct 08                                                                       page    1
                                    System-wide Wait Analysis                                 
                                     for current wait events                                  
                                                                                              
                                                                                Average
    Event                                     Total      Seconds        Total      Wait
    Name                                      Waits      Waiting     Timeouts (in secs)
    ------------------------------ ---------------- ------------ ------------ ---------
    jobq slave wait                          81,293      249,772       79,125     3.070
    Queue Monitor Slave Wait                  3,719      221,041        3,719    59.440
    queue messages                           26,345      130,674       25,503     4.960
    Queue Monitor Wait                        4,193      128,206        4,190    30.580
    wakeup time manager                       2,102      114,648          866    54.540
    class slave wait                          4,100       20,930        4,100     5.100
    Backup: sbtwrite2                        72,844        1,628            0      .020
    Backup: sbtbackup                            12          307            0    25.540
    db file scattered read                   15,144          138            0      .010
    Queue Monitor Task Wait                   4,023          136            5      .030
    PX Deq: Execution Msg                     4,525          119           20      .030
    control file parallel write              43,410          114            0     0.000
    control file sequential read             34,008          109            0     0.000
    db file sequential read                  14,901           85            0      .010
    log file parallel write                  57,659           73            0     0.000
    Backup: sbtclose2                            12           66            0     5.500
    log file sync                            34,626           51            0     0.000
    db file parallel write                   46,918           38            0     0.000
    PX Deq Credit: send blkd                  1,000           25            3      .020
    log file sequential read                    450           13            0      .030
    PX Deq: Execute Reply                     3,584           13            0     0.000
    direct path read                          3,164            8            0     0.000
    switch logfile command                        5            6            0     1.230
    Backup: sbtinfo2                             12            4            0      .370
    enq: CF - contention                         19            4            0      .230
    control file heartbeat                        1            4            1     4.100
    PX Deq: Table Q Normal                      965            3            0     0.000
    rdbms ipc reply                             504            3            1      .010
    Backup: sbtremove2                            6            2            0      .360
    PX Deq: Signal ACK                          342            2           27      .010
    PX Deq Credit: need buffer                  187            2            0      .010
    read by other session                       279            2            0      .010
    ksfd: async disk IO                      15,352            1            0     0.000
    enq: US - contention                         22            1            0      .040
    control file single write                   278            1            0     0.000
    PX Deq: Parse Reply                         244            1            0     0.000
    enq: TC - contention                          3            1            0      .200
    latch: session allocation                   352            1            0     0.000
    library cache pin                            25            0            0      .010
    Backup: sbtinit                               8            0            0      .030
    latch free                               74,475            0            0     0.000
    process startup                              60            0            0     0.000
    log file switch completion                   11            0            0      .020
    latch: library cache                        102            0            0     0.000
    db file parallel read                        10            0            0      .020
    PX Deq: Table Q Sample                      118            0            0     0.000
    recovery area: computing obsol               41            0            0     0.000
    ete files                                                                          
                                                                                              
    library cache load lock                      12            0            0      .010
    log buffer space                              3            0            0      .030
    row cache lock                               21            0            0     0.000
    SQL*Net more data from client            10,741            0            0     0.000
    enq: RO - fast object reuse                  96            0            0     0.000
    PX Deq: Table Q Get Keys                     99            0            0     0.000
    LGWR wait for redo copy                   2,203            0            0     0.000
    latch: cache buffers chains                  11            0           10     0.000
    log file single write                        36            0            0     0.000
    PX Deq: Join ACK                            192            0            0     0.000
    db file single write                         14            0            0     0.000
    direct path read temp                        47            0            0     0.000
    PX Deq: Msg Fragment                         87            0            0     0.000
    latch: library cache lock                     2            0            0      .010
    latch: shared pool                          206            0            0     0.000
    Backup: sbtend                                8            0            0     0.000
    direct path write                            91            0            0     0.000
    recovery area: computing dropp                4            0            0     0.000
    ed files                                                                           
                                                                                              
    recovery area: computing appli                4            0            0     0.000
    ed logs                                                                            
                                                                                              
    PX Deq: Table Q qref                        129            0            0     0.000
    recovery area: computing backe               33            0            0     0.000
    d up files                                                                         
                                                                                              
    buffer busy waits                            15            0            0     0.000
    Backup: sbtinit2                              8            0            0     0.000
    latch: cache buffers lru chain                1            0            0     0.000
    instance state change                         1            0            0     0.000
    enq: PS - contention                         21            0            0     0.000
    latch: In memory undo latch                   1            0            0     0.000
    undo segment extension                       18            0           17     0.000
    direct path write temp                      606            0            0     0.000
    latch: redo allocation                        1            0            0     0.000
    reliable message                              1            0            0     0.000
    
    
    78 rows selected.

  6. #6
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    Mar 2007
    Location
    Ft. Lauderdale, FL
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    Quote Originally Posted by gandolf989 View Post
    I thought tuning by ratios was for the most part debunked.
    I'm not looking at ratios but at wait events.

    Query shows which wait events are affecting the most your system so you can drill down on them.

    As per posted "db file scatered/sequential read" I don't know the answer to your question... and I don't know it for two reasons. 1) I really don't care about ratios but individual wait events and, 2) correct ratio would depend on specific application. May be that ratio is fantastic, who knows?
    Pablo (Paul) Berzukov

    Author of Understanding Database Administration available at amazon and other bookstores.

    Disclaimer: Advice is provided to the best of my knowledge but no implicit or explicit warranties are provided. Since the advisor explicitly encourages testing any and all suggestions on a test non-production environment advisor should not held liable or responsible for any actions taken based on the given advice.

  7. #7
    Join Date
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    Location
    Pittsburgh, PA
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    Quote Originally Posted by PAVB View Post
    I'm not looking at ratios but at wait events.

    Query shows which wait events are affecting the most your system so you can drill down on them.

    As per posted "db file scatered/sequential read" I don't know the answer to your question... and I don't know it for two reasons. 1) I really don't care about ratios but individual wait events and, 2) correct ratio would depend on specific application. May be that ratio is fantastic, who knows?
    So given the waits that we are seeing, does it seem like the waits are caused by replication to or from another database? And perhaps there is some bottleneck in the replication process?

  8. #8
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    Quote Originally Posted by socalguy09 View Post
    Here is the output
    quick question... was this system startup three or four days ago?

    Even so... system doesn't appear to be under any kind of stress.

    Are you sure you are facing a general performance issue or is it just a couple of easily identifiable queries?
    Pablo (Paul) Berzukov

    Author of Understanding Database Administration available at amazon and other bookstores.

    Disclaimer: Advice is provided to the best of my knowledge but no implicit or explicit warranties are provided. Since the advisor explicitly encourages testing any and all suggestions on a test non-production environment advisor should not held liable or responsible for any actions taken based on the given advice.

  9. #9
    Join Date
    Oct 2009
    Posts
    4
    Hi Pablo,

    Yes, the system was just rebooted due to slowness and database hanging.
    I would say the bad performance is the result of both general performance issue
    and bad SQL queries/code. That's what I'm trying to find the root cause. Sorry, I'm not a dba.

    Thanks in advance.

  10. #10
    Join Date
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    Location
    Ft. Lauderdale, FL
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    Please describe the host system e.g. processors and memory, please also let us know if there is anything else other than this Oracle instance running on the particular host.

    Please describe database in terms of size - total space allocation, size of the five larger tables.

    You mentioned performance gets hurt "after the bulk load or bulk import". In regards to this item... 1) how many tables are getting loaded?... 2) how many rows are involved in each load?... 3) What are the size of load target tables in number of rows?

    Is there any process gathering performance statistics?

    You also mention database was shutdown/startup because of performance/hanging issues... did shutdown/startup the instance solved those issues?
    Pablo (Paul) Berzukov

    Author of Understanding Database Administration available at amazon and other bookstores.

    Disclaimer: Advice is provided to the best of my knowledge but no implicit or explicit warranties are provided. Since the advisor explicitly encourages testing any and all suggestions on a test non-production environment advisor should not held liable or responsible for any actions taken based on the given advice.

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